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Whereas more research is needed to
2025-02-21
Whereas more research is needed to identify the precise mechanism by which FIN exerts its antidyskinetic effect, the nimodipine that it can negatively modulate dopaminergic transmission is also supported by our previous findings. Indeed, we have previously shown that FIN completely reversed the beh
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Later the same group designed
2025-02-21
Later, the same group designed and prepared several Δ16-steroidal C17 benzoazoles and pyrazines and evaluated their CYP17 and 5α-reductase inhibitory activities, binding to and transactivation of the AR, as well as their antiproliferative effects against two human PC cell lines (LNCaP and LAPC4) [18
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As mentioned above variation of the A ring was undertaken
2025-02-21
As mentioned above, variation of the A-ring was undertaken in order to improve microsomal stability and kinase selectivity relative to Cholesterol reduction (). 1-Imidazole-2-carboxamides with substitution at the 4-position (–) were mostly tolerated with 4-cyano-imidazole-2-carboxamide () having co
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Thirty six of the analogs synthesized showed
2025-02-21
Thirty-six of the analogs synthesized showed ATX inhibition greater than 50% at 10μM with FS-3, twelve of which had improved potency over the lead (Fig. 5). Of these, 22 was sub-micromolar (IC50 670nM). The 3,5-dichlorophenoxy ring of 22 is reminiscent of the 3,5-dichlorophenylthiourea ring in Hoegl
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br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgments The authors ackn
2025-02-21
Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD) project no. 940943 and National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP) no. 1456 for financial support of this work. AM appreciates National Institute for Genetic Eng
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rutin benefits The distribution and subcellular localization
2025-02-21
The distribution and subcellular localization differs between the subtypes of mGlu receptors. Most mGlu receptors are broadly expressed in the brain, except for mGlu6, which is restricted to the retina. Some mGlu receptors are additionally found in glial cells, such as mGlu3 and mGlu5 (Aronica et al
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br Introduction Melatonin N acetyl methoxytryptamine
2025-02-21
Introduction Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neurohormone which is mainly secreted from the pineal gland. Melatonin is a highly conserved molecule present not only in vertebrates but also in nonvertebrates such as bacteria, protists, fungi, macroalgae, and plants (Cecon et al., 2017
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ASK belongs to the family
2025-02-21
ASK1 belongs to the family of MAPKKK. ASK1-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as I/R injury, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative disorders [33], [34], [35]. ASK1 can be activated through different mechanisms. One mechanism is that oxidative stress direc
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The mechanism governing how mechanotransduction signals regu
2025-02-21
The mechanism governing how mechanotransduction signals regulate a number of genes involved in cartilage hemostasis remains unclarified. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are activated by static and dynamic compression of cartilage (31 32). c-Fos/AP-1 is downstream of the MAPK pathway
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br Funding This work was supported by
2025-02-21
Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 81573664). Thanks to Jing-xian Yang from the Pharmacology Laboratory of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine for support with technology and experimental equipment. Disclosure Confl
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A number of studies indicate the
2025-02-21
A number of studies indicate the involvement of the classical AR or a splice variant that translocate to the membrane, via a palmitoylation mechanism, similar to ERα (Acconcia et al., 2005, Acconcia et al., 2004, Acconcia et al., 2003), since AR equally contains the required nine amino DIG-11-dUTP m
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br Materials and methods br
2025-02-20
Materials and methods Results Discussion Knowledge of the molecular basis of an inherited genetic disease is crucial for understanding the disease pathology and, ultimately, for therapeutic design. Several recent reports have stressed the need for physical characterization of disease-associ
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To further clarify the vascular cell types expressing AR sub
2025-02-20
To further clarify the vascular cell types expressing AR subtypes, double immunofluorescence staining for ARs and vascular endothelial Water-soluble biotinylation reagent or vascular smooth muscles was performed. As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, overlay images show the expression of all ARs subtypes tha
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RecA protein inhibitor A highly attenuated B pertussis strai
2025-02-20
A highly attenuated B. pertussis strain, named BPZE1, has recently been described [10]. It produces enzymatically inactive pertussis toxin (PT), no dermonecrotic toxin and only trace amounts of tracheal cytotoxin. Markedly reduced lung pathology was observed in mice intranasally (i.n.) infected with
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br Materials and methods br Results
2025-02-20
Materials and methods Results Discussion More experiments were performed in order to explain the mechanism that is involved in Goat anti-mouse IgG death both PC3 and Hep G2 cells using compound 5. Results showed that this compound inhibits cell viability inducing apoptosis in a concentrati