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According to their structures and
2024-03-19
According to their structures and substrate specificity, MMPs are divided into five major groups: collagenases (e.g., MMP1), gelatinases (e.g., MMP2, MMP9), stromelysins (e.g., MMP3, MMP10), matrilysins (e.g., MMP7), and membrane-type MMPs [7]. Among them, MMP1 is a major collagenase that degrades t
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LY2584702 synthesis In glaucoma the primary retinal defect a
2024-03-19
In glaucoma, the primary retinal defect appears in the GCL, whereas the other retinal layers appear normal (Kendell et al., 1995). In the current work, chronic elevation of IOP induced RGC apoptosis, especially in the GCL, and α2 adrenergic treatment reduced RGC apoptosis. Various studies have repor
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If overexpression of ADK is sufficient
2024-03-19
If overexpression of ADK is sufficient to induce spontaneous seizures, then reduction of ADK in engineered mice should prevent epileptogenesis. The generation of mice with moderately reduced levels of ADK in brain rather than complete ADK deficiency seems to be essential, since several lines of evid
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KJ Pyr 9 However although in vitro studies
2024-03-18
However, although in vitro studies in heterologous systems have provided very important indications of potential novel pharmacology, the studies with endogenous receptors in native tissues are essential to provide evidence for GPCR heteromerization in vivo and to confirm its physiological relevance.
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Steroidal CYP inhibitors can further
2024-03-18
Steroidal CYP17 inhibitors can further be classified based on their mode of action, namely as mechanism-based inhibitors and type I and type II competitive inhibitors [129]. Recent studies investigated other biological targets than CYP17, and some new compounds have shown interesting dual activity a
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Estrogen exerts its genomic action via estrogen nuclear rece
2024-03-18
Estrogen exerts its genomic action via Kenpaullone nuclear receptor: ERα and ERβ. The distribution of ERα and/or ERβ positive neurons in CNS of different species has been mapped extensively by various methods [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], although there are some differ
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Protein arrays provide a new approach for the identification
2024-03-18
Protein arrays provide a new approach for the identification of substrates for several protein-modifying enzymes. For example, protein kinase substrate identification, which constitutes an important aspect of pathway mapping because of the prevalence of these substrates in biological pathways. MacBe
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Although sex hormones activational effects are known to dire
2024-03-18
Although sex hormones (activational effects) are known to directly interact with RAS (Baiardi et al., 2005, Miller et al., 1999, Silbiger and Neugarten, 1995), the potential contribution of organizational hormonal and SCC effects on physiological sex-based difference in the regulation of the RAS rem
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iMDK australia Our present result that week old PKA mice exp
2024-03-18
Our present result that ≤2-week-old 150ΔPKA mice express normal LTP that does not depend on CP-AMPARs also supports the collective findings of previous work showing that LTP mechanisms are remarkably adaptable in juvenile animals compared with adults. In particular, GluA1 knockout, S845A/S831A, and
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br MHCI peptide editing N
2024-03-18
MHCI peptide editing, N-terminal extensions and the peptide loading complex Conventionally, peptide-MHCI binding is thought to require both amino- and carboxyl-termini for stable interaction (Madden, 1995; Bouvier and Wiley, 1994). Peptides with longer than optimal length (10–13 residues) have be
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In the QFP rs T
2024-03-18
In the QFP, rs2269657-T allele showed a significant correlation with reduced plaque density in frontal cortices (Table 2), strengthening the association with amyloid pathology. The same Digoxin region was shown to exhibit a statistically significant reduction of SREBF2 mRNA levels in rs2269657-T ca
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br Perspectives and challenges Previously the main
2024-03-18
Perspectives and challenges Previously, the main focus of development of adenosine targets for pain was on A1Rs, due to prominent antinociception in multiple preclinical models and preliminary observations in human trials. However, delivery of agonists can be limited by other (e.g. cardiovascular
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br Actin at presynapses br Conclusion
2024-03-16
Actin at presynapses Conclusion Thanks to the recent discovery of rings, hotspots and trails, axonal FH1 is back in the spotlight. These are exiting times for neuronal cell biologists armed with constantly improving labeling and imaging techniques to observe, quantify and perturb these struct
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Concerning asthma in a study evaluating the effect of
2024-03-16
Concerning asthma, in a study evaluating the effect of tiotropium in severe asthma, the sputum eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide were also assessed. However, evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of tiotropium was difficult because these markers were low at baseline and thereafter. In a
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fexofenadine hydrochloride br Methods br Results From a stud
2024-03-16
Methods Results From a study population of 7069 patients, a total of 149 falls were reported during the study fexofenadine hydrochloride for an incidence rate (IR) of 5.2 falls per 1000 patient-days (PD), 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4/1000 PD–6.1/1000 PD. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for
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