• Continuing studies of endocannabinoid ligands at GPR

  2022-05-10

  

  Continuing studies of endocannabinoid ligands at GPR55 reveal that virodhamine (O-arachidonylethanolamine) and AEA can act as a partial agonists at GPR55; at high micromolar concentrations can inhibit β-arrestin recruitment (Sharir et al., 2012). It is likely that there are allosteric as well as ort

• The discovery that the physiological functions of

  2022-05-10

  

  The discovery that the physiological functions of LPI are associated with the activation of specific GPR55 membrane receptor [4] has launched a new era of research on this lysophospholipid. However, the activation of membrane receptors by lysophospholipids is extremely complex due to the multitude o

• To combat the detrimental effects of neuropathological condi

  2022-05-10

  

  To combat the detrimental effects of neuropathological conditions, additional therapeutic interventions that either dampen chronic neuroinflammation or attenuate reductions in hippocampal neurogenesis are critically needed. The cannabinoid system has already been shown to rescue impaired neurogenesi

• br Expression profile of GPR As noted above initial studies

  2022-05-10

  

  Expression profile of GPR35 As noted above, initial studies indicated expression of GPR35 in rat intestine [1] and stomach [2]. Subsequent studies have confirmed significant expression levels in the small intestine, colon and stomach, and this might be relevant in the association between a GPR35

• The ability of FFA to elevate

  2022-05-10

  

  The ability of FFA4 to elevate intracellular levels of Ca2+5, 38, 39, 40 provided early predictions of a key role of the phosphoinositidase C-linked G proteins Gq and/or G11 in transduction of signals from this receptor, while later studies that examined production of inositol phosphates [41] provid

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion and conclu

  2022-05-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion and conclusions Our data demonstrate that native and 2-OMe-LPC analogues are GPR119 ligands and activate insulin secretion from βTC-3 pancreatic cells. LPC 18:1 was the first proposed endogenous ligand for GPR119 [1], however natural LPC has limited

• Niacin nicotinic acid is widely used

  2022-05-10

  

  Niacin (nicotinic acid) is widely used to regulate abnormalities in plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, as evidenced by its potential for reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks (Guyton, 1998), due to its ability to reduce circulating triglycerides and apolipoprotein-B containing

• br Introduction Adipose tissue AT in addition

  2022-05-10

  

  Introduction Adipose tissue (AT), in addition to its function as cpt 3 synthesis storage, is an important endocrine organ and it secretes adipokines (Ahima, 2006). Adipose tissue is related to different physiological processes such as energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. One

• Anisodamine Considering the fact that OCL induced depletion

  2022-05-10

  

  Considering the fact that OCL induced depletion of T Anisodamine in non-stimulated cultures, the only possible explanation of this effect is the elevated mortality of these cells. It was found that OCL at the higher concentration induced the apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These results strongl

• br Competing interests br Introduction An effective

  2022-05-10

  

  Competing interests Introduction An effective vaccine against the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still to be created, even though many strategies have already been tried [1]. Antibodies against a vaccine antigen must be either neutralizing or inducing cellular cytotoxicity [1]. It is kn

• CGP 57380 synthesis In addition http www apexbt com media di

  2022-05-10

  

  In addition to genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics tools, metabolomics approaches are now used in order to optimize glycoprotein production in CHO cell lines. Recent advances in metabolite quantification have allowed identification of cellular phenotypes under specific experimental conditions (

• In contrast to short term effects

  2022-05-10

  

  In contrast to short-term effects, long-term exposure of beta cells to FFAs impairs insulin secretion and triggers apoptosis [13]. The deleterious effects of FFAs have been linked to altered glucose/fatty DBeQ oxidation cycle [13], decreased NADPH content [14], endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress [15

• Glutamate aspartate transporters or excitatory

  2022-05-10

  

  Glutamate-aspartate transporters or excitatory amino BAMB-4 synthesis transporters (EAATs) are essential for the maintenance of glutamate homeostasis. EAATs are widely distributed in central neurons and glial cells (Danbolt, 2001, Martinez-Lozada et al., 2011). They are driven by Na + and K+ gradien

• 66 4 br The concept of the axo

  2022-05-10

  

  The concept of the axo-myelin ‘synapse’ Axons can release glutamate in a Ca+-dependent and independent manner (reviewed in [13,69]). Glutamate released from axons activates GluRs located in myelin, a feature that gave rise to the idea of the axo-myelin ‘synapse’ by analogy with classical synaptic

• In the present study a

  2022-05-10

  

  In the present study, a significant increase in liver glut4 mRNA levels as well as an increase in liver glycogen content was observed in the dogfish in response to glucose-loading, although we did not observe any changes in liver glycogen content or glut mRNA levels following insulin administration

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