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The following are the supplementary data related to
2022-04-02

The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Transparency document Introduction Hypoxia is a pathological process that causes abnormal changes in metabolism, function and morphological structure of tissue because of insufficient oxygen supply. It's reported that hypoxia w
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Among the isoforms of heme oxygenases HO HO
2022-04-02

Among the 3 isoforms of heme oxygenases (HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3), HO-1 expression is inducible, and it catalyzes the degradation of heme to biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO) and free Fe. The Fe is then stored in ferritin, limiting its ability to participate as a catalyst through the Fenton reaction and
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Since its development the HCV replicon system Lohmann et
2022-04-02

Since its development, the HCV replicon system (Lohmann et al., 1999) has been a critical tool in the HCV antiviral discovery process (Gottwein et al., 2009, Imhof and Simmonds, 2010, Lohmann et al., 1999, Pietschmann et al., 2001, Imhof and Simmonds, 2010, Gottwein et al., 2009). The replicon assay
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br Autophagy and HBV induced
2022-04-02

Autophagy and HBV-induced HCC Researchers have demonstrated downregulation of autophagy in HBV transgenic liver tumors of mouse models and in human HBV-induced HCC specimens. Kotsafti and his colleagues declared that the expression level of BECN1 mRNA in HCC specimens was considerably lower than
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br GC C and cGMP of mice and
2022-04-02

GC-C and cGMP: of mice and men As is usually the case for many genes, most of the studies that relate to GC-C have to date been carried out in mouse models, or in cell lines derived from human colorectal cancer tissue. What appeared to be a lacuna was any report of a human disorder that resulted
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Importantly other aspects of platelet function aggregation
2022-04-02

Importantly, other aspects of platelet function (aggregation, spreading, in vitro and in vivo thrombosis) important for haemostasis and thrombosis were unaltered in Ral DKO platelets and mice. Beyond haemostasis and thrombosis however, platelets have been implicated in numerous pathophysiological pr
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br Conclusions br Introduction Astrocytes contribute to
2022-04-02

Conclusions Introduction Astrocytes contribute to physiological ryanodine function on many levels. They help maintain the physiological composition of the extracellular medium by, for instance, buffering potassium and uptake of neurotransmitters. They can also provide neurons with energy subs
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The mode of action of m
2022-04-02

The mode of action of m-Tyr has not been fully recognized. The primary/basic mechanism of action of m-Tyr is thought to be associated with the incorporation of this NPAA into the structure of proteins resulting in formation of dysfunctional proteins [11], [12]. m-Tyr is incorporated into proteins in
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In addition to their functional activation of GPR A
2022-04-02

In addition to their functional activation of GPR109A, compounds of the pyrazolopyrimidine class also enhanced the binding of nicotinic Nanaomycin A to the receptor. For instance, increased the binding of H-nicotinic acid to the receptor (black curve) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas u
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Several investigators including ourselves have
2022-04-02

Several investigators including ourselves have previously shown, that allogeneic HLA-DPB1 class II-alleles are powerful leukemia rejection LY2584702 synthesis for CD4 T-cell therapy following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Herr et al., 2017, Rutten et al., 2008, Stevanovic et a
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This study does have important limitations to consider The
2022-04-02

This study does have important limitations to consider. The utilization of a recombinant gp120 monomer (at a single concentration of 100 ng/ml) instead of live virus particles may limit the validity of our results. Moreover, extrapolation of an in vitro cell culture model to animals or humans cannot
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Previous studies have suggested that
2022-04-01

Previous studies have suggested that GPR40 protects from bone loss via inhibition of osteoclasts. Wittrant et al. used GPR40 knock-out mice and primary osteoclasts to investigate the role of GPR40 on bone remodelling. Their results in primary osteoclast cultures and the RAW264.7 cell line showed tha
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Apoptosis a form of programmed
2022-04-01

Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is a critical component in maintaining homeostasis and growth in all tissues and plays a significant role in immunity and cytotoxicity [54,55]. Although GR are expressed in all immune cells, the physiological outcomes of GR activation are highly cell type-
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Galactosidase Gal EC is an enzyme
2022-04-01

α-Galactosidase (α-Gal, EC 3.2.1.22) is an enzyme exoglycosidase, and the main role of this enzyme is the enzymolysis of α-galactoside. After this hydrolysis, galactosylation of cyclodextrins by the α-galactosidase occurs, thus forming α-galactosyl-cyclodextrin. This branched CD is easy to dissolve
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Triptolide During the course of our optimization of the diar
2022-04-01

During the course of our optimization of the diarylsulfonamide chemotype as FFA4 agonists, we identified xanthene as a potent and selective antagonist of FFA4 (). Xanthene was able to block the agonist induced intracellular Ca response elicited by both linoleic Triptolide and compound in competition
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